J Mater Sci Mater Med. Compare and contrast yellow bone marrow and red bone marrow. Pagets Disease. Firstly it is weaker but more flexible than cortical (compact) bone which it is very hard and strong but ridged (generally things that are ridged and hard do well under compression but not tension/flexure), so areas that come under flexure (eg ribs, ends of long bones) may benefit. Areas of bone resorption have an affinity for the ion, so they will light up on the scan if the ions are absorbed. As a result of it's work, as well that of other osteocytes, they form the boney caves or spaces in which they reside, called lacunae. (D) Produce blood cells, If a bone is broken, which of the following produces new bone tissue to heal the break? The figure below illustrates spongy bone. Bisphosphonates, drugs that decrease the activity of osteoclasts, are often used in the treatment of Pagets disease. Sophie Stewart (C) elbow Blood vessels travel through the harder compact bone to the spongy bone, supplying it with the materials necessary to create blood cells. 1. precipitate in and around collagenous fibers (e) a mass of Table 1describes the bone markings, which are illustrated in (Figure4). These vessels and nerves branch off at right angles through a perforating canal, also known as Volkmanns canals, to extend to the periosteum and endosteum. (C) Elbow The osteocytes in spongy bone are nourished by blood vessels of the periosteum that penetrate spongy bone and blood that circulates in the marrow cavities. Pagets disease is diagnosed via imaging studies and lab tests. Osteocytes are connected to one another within the canaliculi via gap junctions. The epiphysis of a bone, such as the neck of the femur, is subject to stress from many directions. All content published on Kenhub is reviewed by medical and anatomy experts. or perforating canals. concentric layers of bone, or sheets really, that Bone is hard and many of its functions depend on that characteristic hardness. tissue (b) mesenchymal cells convert to osteoblasts (c) Like osteoblasts, osteocytes lack mitotic activity. fibers (d) all of these (e) none of these, The inner layer of periosteum _?_. The Chemical Level of Organization, Chapter 3. 38.9: Bone - Bone Remodeling and Repair - Biology LibreTexts The hollow region in the diaphysis is called themedullary cavity, which is filled with yellow marrow. Question: QUESTION 9 Which of the following statement (s) is NOT TRUE about spongy bone? Diagram of Spongy Bone. Trabeculae form a mesh-like network of bony spicules of varying size that are aligned along regions of biomechanical stress. (a) chondroblasts stop dividing mitotically Blood vessels within red bone marrow supply osteocytes of spongy bone and aid in removing waste products. If the outer layer of a cranial bone fractures, the brain is still protected by the intact inner layer. Bone Features. The patella (knee cap) is an example of a sesamoid bone. 2. At 1:32, it is said , Posted 7 years ago. During growth, the metaphysis contains the epiphyseal plate, thesite of long bone elongation described later in the chapter. This system allows nutrients to be transported to the osteocytes and wastes to be removed from them. Osteons can be arranged into woven bone or lamellar bone. The medullary cavity has a delicate membranous lining called the endosteum. There are six types of bones in the human body based on their shape or location: long, short, flat, sesamoid, sutural, and irregular bones. Register now In comparison, it makes sense that the skeleton of a chimpanzee is almost entirely composed of spongy bone. Trabeculae are spaces created in the tissue by thin areas of osteoblast cells. these (e) none of these, Which of the listed events occurs thirdly during This rapid production is made possible by the highly vascularized nature of the spongy bone, which can deliver adequate amounts of the glucose, lipids, amino acids and trace elements required to make red blood cells. osteocytes through canaliculi. Whats are the differences between microscopic appearance, location, and function between spongy and compact bone? The surface features of bones depend on their function, location, attachment of ligaments and tendons, or the penetration of blood vessels and nerves. Osteoblasts are cells that make new bone. Although compact and spongy bone are made of the same matrix materials and cells, they are different in how they are organized. Figure3. Chapter 5: anatomy Flashcards | Quizlet spaces appear in the matrix. that can become osteoblasts (b) is necessary for the repair The open spaces of the trabeculated network of spongy bone allow spongy bone to support shifts in weight distribution, which is the function of spongy bone. In this region, the epiphyses are covered witharticular cartilage, a thin layer of cartilage that reduces friction and acts as a shock absorber. Bone tissue (osseous tissue) differs greatly from other tissues in the body. X-rays may show bone deformities or areas of bone resorption. Figure4. b. O a. Projections stick out from the surface of the bone and provide attachment points for tendons and ligaments. Tests on early human bones show they contained a higher percentage of spongy bone than modern humans. The Lymphatic and Immune System, Chapter 26. for anything that classifies as a bone, yes. Compact bone is dense and composed of osteons, while spongy bone is less dense and made up of trabeculae. Which of the following is not associated with spongy bone ? Whenever you see the These osteogenic cells are undifferentiated with high mitotic activity and they are the only bone cells that divide. Spongy (cancellous) bone is lighter and less dense than compact bone. (B) osteocytes 38.5: Bone - Introduction - Biology LibreTexts Red bone marrow fills the spaces between the spongy bone in some long bones. see with the naked eye. looks like of like a cylinder and it has multiple Which of the following is NOT true about spongy bone? "Spongy Bone." red bone marrow, canaliculi, no osteonsc. In addition to long bones, the four other types of bones in the human skeleton are short bones (the tarsal bones of the wrists and feet), flat bones (skull, rib cage, sternum, scapula), sesamoid bones (knee cap) and irregular bones (vertebrae). The osteoblasts try to compensate but the new bone they lay down is weak and brittle and therefore prone to fracture. bone that is on the outermost that you can actually Epub 2011 May 31. Bone tissue (osseous tissue) differs greatly from other tissues in the body. (a) epiphyseal plates (b) primary The Cellular Level of Organization, Chapter 4. Their shapes are irregular and complicated. cells, invade the spaces. vessels, lymph vessels and nerves as well. Besides cortical and spongy bone tissues, bones contain several other tissues, including blood vessels and nerves. Located in the spaces, between the trabeculae of some spongy bones is red bone marrow. Compact bone forms the hard outer layer of bone while spongy bone forms the porous interior. The spongy bone and medullary cavity receive nourishment from arteries that pass through the compact bone. bones (c) are responsible for releasing calcium from bone And these connect osteons to one another and also, as you can Tendons and ligaments attach to bones at the periosteum. However, in a small percentage of cases, bisphosphonates themselves have been linked to an increased risk of fractures because the old bone that is left after bisphosphonates are administered becomes worn out and brittle. Learning anatomy is a massive undertaking, and we're here to help you pass with flying colours. Although bone cells compose less than 2%of the bone mass, they are crucial to the function of bones. Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bones overall function. The Cardiovascular System: Blood, Chapter 19. This process also occurs in the liver and spleen. The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. Like compact bone, spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone, contains osteocytes housed in lacunae, but they are not arranged in concentric circles. The outer surface of the bone is covered with a fibrous membrane called theperiosteum(peri =around or surrounding). Compare and contrast the two main types of osseous tissue. In addition, bones contain bone marrow and periosteum. The light weight and low density of spongy bone balances out the heavier and denser compact bone to reduce the overall weight of the skeleton. convert to osteoblasts (b) osteoblasts and osteoclasts formation ? a. Epiphyseal plates fuse during puberty. Direct link to SofiyaMarkova's post for anything that classif, Posted 7 years ago. The cell responsible for bone resorption, or breakdown, is theosteoclast. Spongy bone and compact bone make up the long bones of the human skeleton. As a result, trabecular bone has about 10 times the surface area of compact bone. An Introduction to the Human Body, Chapter 2. The osteocytes in spongy bone are nourished by blood vessels of the periosteum that penetrate spongy bone and blood that circulates in the marrow cavities. The surface features of bones vary considerably, depending on the function and location in the body. Spongy bone is important for a number of reasons. The structure of a long bone allows for the best visualization of all of the parts of a bone (Figure1). Spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone or trabecular bone, is a very porous type of bone found in animals. reshape growing bones (b) work with osteoblasts to repair
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