Xenos is a Greek word that means stranger or foreigner; correspondingly, xenocentrism is the preference for another culture or other cultures over one's own culture. cultural relativism Ethnocentrism is also often directed at other cultures religious beliefs. But head to more conservative nations and women might always cover their shoulders or hair. This tactic is called Although the idea of every citizen in the United States belonging to one ethnicity is certainly debatable, since the country has citizens who originally came from all over the world, the feeling of national pride stands in for a pure ethnicity in this case. b. Cultural relativism tries to counter ethnocentrism by promoting the understanding of cultural practices that are unfamiliar to other cultures such as eating insects, genocides or genital cutting. a. Many practices have drawn criticism over the years. c. d. He is the former editor of the Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education. BSc (Hons) Psychology, MRes, PhD, University of Manchester. PEDIAA. . Saul Mcleod, Ph.D., is a qualified psychology teacher with over 18 years experience of working in further and higher education. For instance, when a non-Indigenous individual wears a headdress, their action is generally viewed as disrespectful, since non-Indigenous people don't have a deep understanding of the distinct knowledge and traditions that Indigenous groups associate with the wearing of a headdress. Ethnocentrism is the belief that your culture is natural and correct while other peoples cultures are incorrect, unnatural, or inferior. It involves evaluating other cultures and ethnic groups based on the standards and values of one's own group and viewing them as inferior or less important. Given that snails are not smart animals (certainly not as smart as pigs! About The Helpful Professor I feel like its a lifeline. b. And while many of us might say Its a womans right to decide what she wears and we should respect her no matter what, different cultures have various views on this! However, if we get go too far the other way, we end up being cultural relativists with no moral framework guiding us at all. Questions and Answers for [Solved] Which scenario best exemplifies ethnocentrism? All articles are edited by a PhD level academic. modify some aspects of the stereotype they hold One's own culture is considered superior and all 'others' are scaled and rated as below it (Lundberg, 2012). We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. Such depictions are examples of __________. Unlike in ethnic groups, the membership of an individual to a racial group is ascribed from birth. On the other hand, xenocentric ideas can be very problematic. Upon learning that her grandson isnt marrying a Jewish girl, Jim's grandmother becomes inconsolable. Culture and Psychology by L D Worthy; T Lavigne; and F Romero is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Over time, he becomes close friends with one of his white American coworkers. Here, you can see that America sees themselves as the idealized norm against which other nations should be judged (and always found wanting!). c. The belief that ones own cultural or ethnic group is superior to others. They are the largest segment of the Latinx population. a. Ethnicity theory, Which of the following terms is defined as overgeneralizations about the appearance, behavior, or other characteristics of members of particular categories? Cross-cultural psychology can explore many topics, such as: Child development whether unique cultural practices influence development. A person who is ethnocentric will shun and look down upon other cultures and the ways they do things (also known as cultural bias). This scenario best exemplifies __________. It was both the human race and the Na'vi who deemed each other as less superior, example when the human were using machines to destroy the forest . To assume that people from other cultures are neither mature enough nor responsible enough to consider criticism from the outside is demeaning. To assume that people from other cultures are neither mature enough nor responsible enough to consider criticism from the outside is demeaning. An error occurred trying to load this video. Which of the following is a difference between racial groups and ethnic groups? They earned fortunes while working in agriculture in the U.S. mainland and in fish canneries in Seattle and Alaska. So, if they notice anything that deviates from their cultural norms, this can lead to ethnocentric attitudes. Thus, when using Western-designed intelligence tests in non-western countries, there is likely to be a bias in the results since the test measures something from the benchmark of different cultural experiences. b. Someone who does not take a relativistic view might be tempted to see their own understanding of this behavior as superior and, perhaps, the foreign practice as being immoral. Thats when your brain tells you that something sounds funny. Some people will simply call it cultural ignorance. Every individual is influenced by ethnocentrism to some degree. Often when I show these clips to my students, their instant reactions are disgust at the parts of the animal that people in other parts of the world eat. The conflict perspective Is. For example, many Americans might thing Peruvians eating Guinea Pig to be disgusting. Most Filipinos have had the start-up capital necessary to open their own businesses. 20. Iran and Saudi Arabia are examples of theocratic totalitarianism. or cultural group is the most important or that some or all aspects of its culture are superior to those of other groups. is the idea that people from different cultures can have relationships that acknowledge, respect and begin to understand. This is one of the most common examples of ethnocentrism that I start out with in my seminars on ethnocentrism. The opposite of this is xenocentrism, where you believe another culture is better than your own. When traveling the world, many of us English-speakers live with the expectation that others will speak English to us. c. Likewise, when researchers apply their theory to another culture, and the results differ from what was the norm in their culture, they state that there is something wrong with that culture. Hum. While prejudice certainly leads to problems, very rarely in history has ethnocentrism led to the mass slaughter of millions of innocent people at the scale witnessed in Nazi Germany. Becoming aware of these new possibilities will ultimately change the people who are exposed to the new ideas. Views other cultures as inferior or less important. Modern researchers are now able to travel a lot more than they would have done in the past. Becoming aware of these new possibilities will ultimately change the people who are exposed to the new ideas. 2000. Respects and appreciates the diversity of other cultures. There are many common examples of xenocentrism that can be witnessed in daily life, such as. Even the colonies in the United States were once controlled by the British. For traditional Peruvian cultures, Guinea Pigs are animals to be eaten! b. But many Asian cultures where chopsticks are the norm may have opposite views. Prejudices Ethnocentrism can be avoided or reduced by studying culture using an emic approach. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 They may laugh at the clumsiness of foreigners when they use chopsticks. case-by-case Xenocentrism occurs when people desire to engage in the traditions of other cultures more than that of their own. b. Select one: a. the social identity theory b. the realistic conflict theory c. the social exchange theory d. the self-perception theory B) Nicole is highly tolerant toward different cultures and enjoys learning different languages. a. Ethnocentrism can lead to negative attitudes and behaviors towards those . scapegoating Ethnocentrism refers to a bias where one's own group is the center of everything. Ethnocentric people think the ways they do things is the way things should be done, and every other cultures way of doing things is unsavory or undesirable. This can lead to ethnocentrism if those outside of the West score significantly lower on intelligence scores, leading to the West having the misconception that non-western countries are less intelligent. It may lead us to be reluctant to collaborate with or care for other nations cultures and lead migrants to feel like they should assimilate. Bryan's belief in the superiority of his. Ethnocentrism and cultural relativism are two ways in which we assess a culture that is not our own. Irish Americans Better yet, why not turn it into a persuasive speech? And this belief has certainly been heightened by the effects of globalization, since the lifestyles of cultures outside of one's own have become readily available. In England, by contrast, holding hands is largely limited to romantically involved couples, and often suggests a sexual relationship. With the emic approach, researchers can immerse themselves fully into a culture and develop a deep understanding of their practices and values. We watch the family as they spend their Sabbaths in the temple and clamor to win the rabbis affection so hell visit their home on the Sabbath. The functionalist perspective This is why you will see US citizens heading to the French wine sections in grocery stores, for American wine isn't thought of as famous or exclusive. Which of the following terms refers to policies or procedures that are intended to promote equal opportunity for categories of people deemed to have been previously excluded from equality in education, employment, and other fields on the basis of characteristics such as race or ethnicity? In psychology, ethnocentric behavior can occur when a researcher conducts a study in a particular culture and then states in their findings that their results can be generalized to all cultures. People with different backgrounds can help each other see possibilities that they never thought were there because of limitations, or cultural proscriptions, posed by their own traditions. War and genocide could be the devastating result if a group is unwilling to change their ways of living or cultural practices. Recent issues of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) now include a list of culture-specific behaviors that help diagnose mental health issues accurately. For example, some people who move to the United States might have dreamed of fleeing their homeland to the USA since childhood because theyve loved the concept of freedom, small government, and capitalism. The film is a great example of a migrant family who not only wants to retain their cultural heritage but looks upon the dominant culture with suspicion, distaste, and even sometimes scorn. Required fields are marked *, This Article was Last Expert Reviewed on March 18, 2023 by Chris Drew, PhD. c. Which scenario best explains the process of assimilation? Chinese Americans Upholding the sanctity of ones own culture may hinder societal progress and may prevent cooperation between cultures. Ethnocentrism in the Movie "Avatar" - 878 Words | Bartleby However, in other cultures, motor skills are less relevant to intelligent behaviors, and the culture instead values vast knowledge on a range of topics, such as intelligence instead. Sometimes, we need to accept other peoples cultures with an open mind and try to see where theyre coming from. Korean Americans, Which of the following theories states that actions of the government substantially define racial and ethnic relations in the United States? Tags: Question 36 . Bizumic, B., & Duckitt, J. H. (2012). c. A bank consistently denies loans to people of color because it believes they are unlikely to repay the amount due on time. c. Stereotypes All the advice on this site is general in nature. Another example is the notion of America as being "the land of opportunity". ignore the person completely c. They have higher levels of educational attainment than the overall Hispanic population. Essentially, xenocentrism is the opposite of ethnocentrism. Privacy Policy. d. He did not feel negatively toward African Americans but refused to serve them in his restaurant because he feared that serving them would offend his white customers.
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