Redistricting is carried out every 10 years based on the population totals reported by the US Census. Question. Conversely, unitary states are characterized by a strong central government. cultural cohesion definition ap human geography It forms its own sovereign nation-state predominately made up of the Irish ethnic group. Steven Hill, writing for The Atlantic in June 2013, made the following argument:[2][3][4]. "The minority group must be able to demonstrate that it is sufficiently large and geographically compact to constitute a majority in a single-member district. Gerrymandering Explained | Brennan Center for Justice Information about the partisan affiliation of each district's representative is as of 2015. Examples: USA, Canada, Belgium. Redistricting and the Supreme Court: The Most Significant Cases majority-minority districts districts in which the majority of residents are part of an ethnic minority gerrymandering the drawing of electoral district lines to the advantage of a party or group boundary vertical plane between states that cuts through the rocks below, and the airspace above the surface geometric boundaries the different types of boundaries including natural/physical, ethnographic/cultural, and geometric; (WITH THE NEXT THREE CARDS), boundaries placed on recognizable physiologic features, boundaries that coincide with differences in ethnicity, political boundaries that are defined and delimited as a straight line or arc, an independent but small and weak country lying between two powerful countries, a sovereign state compromising a city and its immediate hinterland, attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory, the assignment of a commercial value to something previously valueless, a group of states united for a common purpose, the acquisition, by colonized peoples, of control over their own territory, the transfer of certain powers from the state central government to separate political subdivisions within the state's territory, if one country in a region chose or was forced to accept a communist political and economic system, then neighboring countries would be irresistibly susceptible to falling into communism, established by the UNCLS, a zone of exploration extending 200 nautical miles (370 km) seaward from a coastal state that has exclusive mineral and fishing rights over it, the different voting districts that make up local, state, and national regions, a piece of territory surrounded by, but not part of, a country, a piece of national territory separated from the main body of a country by the territory of another country, an economic association established in 1957 by a number of Western European countries to promote free trade among members, an internal organization of a state that allocated most powers to units of local government, a capital city deliberately sited in a state's frontier zone, a zone where no state exercises has complete political control, the branch of political geography treating national power, foreign policy, and international relations as influences by geographic considerations of location space, resources, and demography, to re-draw voting district boundaries in such a way as to give one political party maximum electoral advantage and to reduce that of another party, to fragment voting blocks, or to achieve other non-democratic objectives, a place which no one person or state may own or control and which is central to life, a type of receiving state which is the target of many immigrants, group that includes two or more states seeking political and/or economic cooperation with each other, the military, political, and ideological barrier established between the soviet bloc and Western Europe from 1945-1990, the assertion by the government of a country that has a minority living outside its former borders belonging to it historically and culturally, the ongoing dispute between the Jewish and Arab populations in the former Ottoman Empire region of Palestine, a state that does not have a direct outlet to the sea, a code of the maritime law approved by the UN in 1982 that authorizes, among other provisions, territorial waters expanding 12 nautical miles from shore and 200 mile wide EEZ, in the context of determining representative districts, the process by which a majority of the population is from the minority; less than 50% white in race, involves drawing a line equidistant from the closest mainland points of each of two adjacent countries, an imprecise term for a state or territory small in both population and area, a country without two or more nationalities within its borders, a nation that transcends the borders of two or more states, (North America Free Trade Agreement) an agreement for free trade between the United States, Canada, and Mexico, a culturally distinctive group of people occupying a special territory and bound together by a sense of unity arising from shared ethnicity, beliefs, and customs, the branch of art history which studies the identification, description, and the interpretation of the content of images, a state whose population possesses a substantial degree of cultural homogeneity and unity, a territory of northern Canada including part of the mainland west of the Hudson Bay and north of latitude 60 degrees north, islands in the Hudson Bay, and most of the Arctic Archipelago, a country's larges city most expressive of the national culture and usually (but not always) the capital city as well, process by which representation districts are switched according to population shifts so that each district encompasses approximately the same number of people, a feeling of collective identity based on a population's political territorial identification within a state or across state boundaries, a country which is formally independent, but which is primarily subject to the domination of another, larger power, the concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves, the right of individual states to control political and economic affairs within their territorial boundaries without external interference, a centralized authority that enforces a single political, economic, and legal system within its territorial boundaries, when states willingly relinquish some degree of sovereignty in order to gain the benefits of belonging to a larger political economic entity, disagreement between states over the control of surface area, refers to the shape of a territory; has five types: compact, fragmented, elongated, prorupt, and perforated; (WITH THE NEXT FIVE CARDS), distance from geometric center is similar, long and narrow in shape which makes it difficult to govern, have an area that extends from a more compact core, an individual or group attempt to identify and establish control over a clearly defined territory considered partially or wholly an exclusive domain; the behavior associated with the defense of home territory, a part kept open for foreign trade according to the terms of a treaty, a state in which the central government dictates the degree of local or regional autonomy and the nature of local governmental units; a country with few cultural conflicts and with a strong sense of national identity, granting women a statuary right or privilege, GLY2100 Historical Geology - Exam 3 Vocab, GLY2100 Historical Geology - Exam 2 Vocab, GLY2100 Historical Geology - Exam 1 Vocab, World History and Geography: Modern Times, Tennessee World History and Geography Modern Times. AP Human Geography : Acculturation, Assimilation, & Multiculturalism A neighbor sells life insurance and wants you System wherein each representative is elected from a territorially defined district. Does the Anti-Gerrymandering Campaign Threaten Minority Voting Rights Key terms Cases to know Brown v. Only California, Illinois, and New York had any degree of significant pro-GOP bias. It is estimated that warranty repairs will average $10 per unit sold, and 30% of the repairs will be made in Year 1 and 70% in Year 2. NATO-Military How do single district benefit minorities? The fight is complicated and wonky like most surrounding the once-a-decade redistricting process. Now, only 18 of the 53 members of the Congressional Black Caucus were elected in districts that are majority African American. This is the first and only time the company purchased such securities. Redistricting Explained: Your Questions Answered - The New York Times Teoretically, a recognized member of the modern state system possesing formal sovereignty and occupied by a people who see themselves as a single, united nation. The interaction (interplay) among geography, power, politics, and international relations. In the context of political power, the capacity of a state to influence other states or achieve its goals through diplomatic, economic, and militaristic means. \text{ } & \text{323} & \text{2$/ 12$} & \text{$2,500$}\\ Operations: Meghann Olshefski Mandy Morris Kelly Rindfleisch Gerrymandering | Definition, Litigation, & Facts | Britannica Thank you. The European Union-Currency (economic) A politically organized territory that is administered by sovereign government and is recognized by a significant portion of the international community. In 1991, a group of white voters in North Carolina challenged the state's new congressional district map, which had two "majority-minority" districts. \text{ } & \text{ } & \text{ } & \underline{\underline{\$ 12,600}}\\ In political geography, a country's or more local community's sense of propertyand attachment toward its territory, as expressed by its determination to keep it inviolable and strongly defended. actually marking the boundary on the ground with a wall, fence, post, etc. Example: US and Mexican border, Disputes over natural resources that run across borders. We've covered a ton in this review guide for the 2023 AP Human Geography exam. What we have done is taken those areas and divided them into multiple districts so that theres actually more districts where minority voters will be able to elect their candidates of choice, which should actually have the effect of increasing the representation among the African American community, Szetela said. Drawing electoral (voting) districts to benefit one political group over another. Some courts have decided to use a "bright line" of 50%. Example: Spanish colonialism in the west. AP Human Geography Course - AP Central | College Board A state that has combination locks all over the and. The world economy has a three-tier structure. What are the policy effects of majority-minority districts? Examples: United States, Australia, Canada, Japan, ~Incorporates lower levels of education, lower salaries, and less technology. Invisible line that marks the extent of a state's territory. What does it mean to be partially or completely covered by Section 5 of the VRA? 2536+5146. ~Incorporates higher levels of education, higher salaries, and more technology. See Full PDF. As those loans have dried up, the average price that buyers in majority-minority neighborhoods can offer has fallen precipitously. As a consequence, it has a neighborhood-level spatial structure, presenting a geography which can be examined in maps of cities across the country. Photo by Rebecca Cook/ Reuters, By David A. Lieb, Associated Press, Acacia Coronado, Associated Press/Report for America, By Jonathan Lemire, Zeke Miller, Ashraf Khalil, Associated Press. A majority-minority district is one in which a racial or ethnic minority makes up a large-enough share of the electorate to assure that the community has a reasonable chance to elect the candidate of their choice. ~France A nation that does not have a state. newsletter for analysis you wont find anywhereelse. Global According to Jane Mansbridge, descriptive representation is necessary to improve the likelihood of substantive representation: representatives of different backgrounds are better able to substantially represent minorities.( representatives from different backgrounds are better able to bring minority perspective to policy-making and more likely to share policy-preferences with minority constituents.).
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